蒋介石运金至台湾的数量

蒋介石运金至台湾的数量

扬子晚报：1949年700万两黄金运台秘闻说：＂吴兴镛介绍，先后被蒋介石下令运走的，有400万两左右的黄金，加上银圆、外汇等，加起来总价值约700万两黄金。＂

700万两值多少钱？根据Historical Gold Charts and Data　（黄金历史数据；选1833-1999 Yearly Averages），取1948与1949年黄金价格平均大约每盎司33.2美元。700万两=7000000/16斤=437500x500克=218750000/31.1035盎司，即7033000盎司，因此价值233495600或2.3亿美元。

另一方面，据李敖《蒋介石研究》，^[注]李宗仁口述回忆，当时国库总共所存可折合为约5亿的美金。如此，2.3亿美元只是一半，似乎差得太多，蒋介石有那么多没有运走？《文萃早报》2004年12月11日版有960万两黄金一说。

另外，Ah Xiang在Chiang Kai-shek's Money Trail (蒋介石的钱的踪迹）里说

Chiang Kai-shek, for defeating LiZongren's vice-presidency, had transported China's gold to Taiwan. The total
amounts, per his attaché account, would be:
2,600,000 ounces - Taipei    <-- 260万盎司去台北
900,000 ounces - Amoy
380,000 ounces - USA
200,000 ounces - Shanghai
[Another 400,000 ounces as turnover funds in Shanghai]

看来Ah Xiang只算了吴兴镛所说的第1批而已。

［注］《李敖论蒋介石，第一集》又名《蒋介石研究》，206页，文章“蒋介石与国库黄金”。

2010年1月

2010年3月24日增补:

我很荣幸能与吴兴镛先生通信。经吴先生同意，我贴上他与我的email通信如下（黑体字为吴先生的话）：

> Jiang Kai-shek’s gold in 1949:
>
> 1. There is an obvious common error in several other websites.
> In my original statement in the book:  the Secret Chinese Archives of
> Gold, 2009, 吴兴镛写的《黄金密档：1949年大陆黄金运台始末》:
> 3.5 million taels (shi-liang, Chinese Ounce),
> Foreign Exchange and Silver: worth another 3.5 million taels of gold.
> The total is equivalent to 7 million taels of gold.

You say "The total is equivalent to 7 million taels of gold." That's
exactly what 扬子晚报 and my message said. (I'm only interested in the
total amount.) So there's no error. Correct?
Ans: The casual readers may have perceived it as 7 million (all was in) gold.

> 2. I urge you and your readers to take a look at the book 黄金密档 (thank you).
> A few reporters are too busy to be careful/accurate.

Your book is on my to-read list. Thank you.

> 3. The market price of gold in 1949 was USD$50 an oz. or $55 a tael.

Can you tell me where you got this $55 market price for gold? I got mine
from
http://www.kitco.com/charts/historicalgold.html
and selected "1833-1999 Yearly Averages". The price in 1948 was 34.71
US dollars and in 1949 was 31.69. That was the price in the London
market. I don't know where to get the price for the Asian market.

Ans: During the Chinese Civil War, 1948-1950, the gold price was higher in the 
Far East. In 1950, in Republic of China (Taiwan), one Liang of gold was sold to 
Bank of Taiwan for USD$56 or $280 (p. 280, Huang Jin Mi Dang) in New Taiwan Currency 
(NT $5 for one USD. In a highly confidential report from Chairman Yu Hong-Jun 
(俞鴻鈞 of Central Bank, 6/6/1950) presented to President Chiang Kai-Shek stated 
that gold sold in Taiwan was lower than that in the foreign 'free' market.

> 4. During the year of 1949, the estimated military/government expense
> was approximately 1 million tael gold and 100 million silver coins as well as an
> unspecified amount of US Dollars. This (civil) War cost was not
> included in the total amount of "hard" currency of 7 million tael of
> gold (reached and remained in Taiwan).
> The amount that spent in Mainland is probably the discrepancy you're
> pursuing.

Can you tell me which discrepancy you're referring to? I noted two, one
between Li Zongren's memoir (5亿) and my calculation using London market
price (2.3亿), and the other between Ah Xiang's 2,600,000 ounces and your
7 million.

Ans: The difference between USD5亿 and other lesser numbers. See p. 191, 黄金密档.
> Best wishes,
>
> Sing-yung Wu,
> 吳興鏞

另，吴先生称新浪网2010年3月18日的揭秘1949年大陆黄金运台始末为"A more responsible reporter's article on Gold."

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